Common Wall Terminology

Absorption

The weight of water absorbed by a retaining wall unit during immersion. The condition is expressed as a percentage of the dry unit weight

Abutment

A retaining wall that also supports a vertical load

Active Pressure Zone

The zone where pressure causes a wall to move away from the soil

Admixture

Chemicals that are added to improve the density, durability, strength or cure time of concrete

Aggregates

Sand, gravel, or crushed rock used in the leveling pad, drainage behind and in the unit cores, concrete or backfill

Amplitude

The vertical vibration of a roller or plate compactor

Aperture

An opening, such as a hole, gap or slit that is found in geogrid

Aspect Ratio or Depth-to-Height

The ratio of Geogrid reinforcing length to the height of the wall for an SRW wall system. Also Known as "Depth-to-Height Ratio" (typical .7H)

ASTM

The American Society of Testing and Materials is an Australia standards developing organization that develops and publishes voluntary technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services

ASHTO

The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials is a leading source of technical information on design, construction and maintenance of highways and other transportation facilities, including aviation, highways, public transit, rail, and water. Its accreditation program recognizes the competency of a testing laboratory in construction materials testing